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October
Vol. 5, No. 10
Process Metallurgy and Product Applications
About the Cover
The Beijing National Stadium, known as the “Bird’s Nest,” hosted the opening and
closing ceremonies of the 2008 Summer Olympics, along with numerous athletic events. Baosteel, a leader of China’s iron and steel industry, actively participated in the supply of over 70,000 tons of high-grade, high-performance structural steel that was successfully developed and applied to the Bird’s Nest and other Olympic stadiums. Occupying 258,000 square meters and seating 91,000 people, the stadium used 42,000 tonnes of steel. The stadium design was by Swiss architecture firm Herzog & de Meuron. Photo courtesy of Chad Walker.
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55
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Progress in Implementation of Advanced High-Strength Steels Into Vehicle Structures
James R. Fekete, technical fellow, Jody N. Hall, engineering group manager, and David J. Meuleman (left), senior manufacturing engineer, Materials Standards & Technology, Global Die & Press Center, General Motors Corp., Warren, Mich. (jim.fekete@gm.com, jody.1.hall@gm.com, david.meuleman@gm.com); and Michael Rupp (right), manager — steel quality and technical application, Manufacturing Engineering, General Motors Europe, Rüsselsheim, Germany (michael.dr.rupp@de.opel.com)
This paper discusses the state of technology developments and ongoing unresolved issues resulting from the drive toward higher-strength applications for AHSS. Opportunities for newer AHSS grades are also discussed.
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Microstructure and Properties of Cold Rolled and Annealed Low-Carbon Manganese TRIP Steels
M.J. Merwin, research specialist, United States Steel Corporation Research and Technology Center, Munhall, Pa. (mmerwin@uss.com)
Conventional hot rolling, cold rolling and batch annealing processes were simulated using laboratory heats based on a low-carbon, high-manganese alloy design. Very fine- or ultrafine-grained ferrite-austenite-martensite microstructures were developed, resulting in strength-ductility combinations between dual-phase and TRIP steels, and the recently introduced TWIP steels.
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85 |
Heat Transfer During Runout Table Cooling — Effect of Jet Configuration
M.A. Wells (left), associate professor, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada (mawells@mme.uwaterloo.ca); M. Militzer (center), Dofasco Chair in Advanced Steel Processing, professor, Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada (militzer@cmpe.ubc.ca); and V. Prodanovic (right), instructor, School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia–Okanagan, Kelowna, B.C., Canada (vladan.prodanovic@ubc.ca)
Industrial runout table cooling was simulated using an experimental pilot-scale facility. Using this facility, experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of bottom jet inclination angle and top jet nozzle configuration on the heat extraction during cooling of moving samples.
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94
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An Effective Descaling System for Hot Rolling
Qiulin Yu, Nucor Steel Tuscaloosa Inc., Tuscaloosa, Ala. (qyu@nucortusk.com)
In this study, a general criterion of descaling is presented to ensure the effectiveness of descaling. A resulting modification has improved the effectiveness of primary descaling cost-effectively and benefited the strip surface quality and roll wear, as well as productivity.
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Copper Plating Phenomenon During the Pickling of Steel
M.A. Nicholls (top left), Z. Koont (top right) and B.D. Nelson (bottom left), Research and Development Department (mark.nicholls@arcelormittal.com); D. Bray (bottom center), Utilities Department; and J. Felker (bottom right), Pickling and Cold Rolling Department, ArcelorMittal Dofasco Inc., Hamilton, Ont., Canada
Plating of copper became a frequent occurrence after the start-up of a new acid regeneration plant at ArcelorMittal Dofasco. This paper describes the attempts to understand and prevent the phenomenon,as well as the process that was selected to prevent further outbreaks.
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208
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Considerations in the Application of the “Quenching and Partitioning” Concept to Hot Rolled AHSS Production
Grant A. Thomas, John G. Speer and David K. Matlock, Advanced Steel Processing and Products Research Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colo. (gthomas@mines.edu, jspeer@mines.edu, dmatlock@mines.edu)
The “quenching and partitioning,” or Q&P, concept involves partial transformation of austenite to martensite, followed by carbon transport from the carbon-supersaturated martensite into untransformed austenite, thereby stabilizing it to room temperature. This concept has been studied by several research groups for potential application to TRIP-type sheet products produced by cold rolling and annealing. In the present contribution, the Q&P concept is considered in the context of hot strip mill processing, including alloy and process design, as well as fundamental differences with cold rolled Q&P processing and potential industrial issues. Non-isothermal partitioning behavior during coil cooling is predicted, and initial simulations are reported for a 0.19C, 1.6Mn, 1.6Si (wt. %) TRIP steel. High strengths are found with significant levels of retained austenite, although further optimization studies are needed to fully assess the capability of this process concept.
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